Antibiotics overdose in poultry can have severe consequences on bird health, human health, and the environment.Effects on Poultry:1. Disruption of gut microbiome2. Increased risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria3. Reduced immune system…
Coccidiosis is a common and economically significant disease in poultry, caused by the parasite Eimeria.Types of Coccidiosis:1. Intestinal coccidiosis (E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. brunetti)2. Caecal coccidiosis (E. tenella)3. Liver…
Vaccine failure in poultry can occur due to various reasons. Here are some possible causes:Vaccine-Related Factors:1. Incorrect vaccine type or strain2. Insufficient vaccine dose or volume3. Improper vaccine handling or…
A proper water sanitation setup in poultry is crucial to prevent disease and promote bird health. Here's a comprehensive overview:Water Quality Parameters:1. pH: 6.5-7.52. Temperature: 10-25°C (50-77°F)3. Chlorine: 1-3 ppm…
The immune response in poultry involves multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms to protect against pathogens: Types of Immunity: 1. Innate Immunity: Non-specific, immediate defense against pathogens.2. Adaptive Immunity: Specific, acquired…
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) supplements have numerous benefits for poultry:Health Benefits:1. Immune system enhancement: Boosts antibody production and immune response.2. Disease resistance: Helps combat viral and bacterial infections.3. Stress reduction:…
Here are key considerations before starting a poultry farm:Business Planning1. Define your business model (broilers, layers, breeders, or hatchery)2. Conduct market research and analyze demand3. Develop a business plan, including…
Respiratory problems in poultry birds can be caused by various factors, including:Infectious factors:1. Viral diseases: Avian influenza, Newcastle disease, Infectious bronchitis.2. Bacterial diseases: Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida.3. Fungal…
Abnormalities in chicks can be caused by genetic, environmental, or management factors. Here are some common abnormalities:Physical Abnormalities:1. Crooked or twisted beaks2. Deformed legs or feet3. Clubbed down (feathers stuck…
To increase the growth rate of broilers, consider the following:Nutrition:1. Balanced diet: Provide a nutrient-rich feed with adequate protein (22-24% for starters, 20-22% for finishers), energy, vitamins, and minerals.2. Feed…